The working principle of e-cigarette PCBA is summarized
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As the core control module of e-cigarette, PCBA board (printed circuit board component) integrates electronic components and intelligent algorithms to achieve accurate control of the whole process such as power supply, heating and atomization. Its working principle can be broken down into the following key links:
Core functional architecture
Power supply management
The PCBA receives battery power signals through the battery management system (BMS), monitors the power supply in real time, and allocates power resources to ensure the stable running of devices . At startup, the on-board chip detects the battery voltage and triggers low charge protection if it falls below the safety threshold.
Heating and Temperature control
heating drive : When the user inhales to trigger the air flow sensor, the PCBA board awakens the MCU (micro control unit), drives the MOS tube to supply power to the heating element (such as heating wire or ceramic chip), and quickly heats up to the preset temperature (usually 200-300℃) .
temperature regulation : built-in temperature sensor collects heating element data in real time, and dynamically adjusts power through PID algorithm to prevent atomization efficiency decrease caused by overheat or low temperature .
atomization output control
The PCBA board controls the power output of the atomizer head according to the user's inhalation intensity and duration to ensure that the soot atomizes evenly into 0.5-1.5μm steam particles . Some high-end solutions also support the connection of the mobile phone APP through Bluetooth to achieve custom adjustment of the smoke amount .
Work flow step by step analysis
Power supply startup phase
After the user starts the e-cigarette, the PCBA board activates the battery management system, detects the battery status and allocates power to each module .
During charging, the on-board circuit converts AC to DC through the rectifier bridge, and adopts the switching power supply chip to achieve voltage regulation output, which meets the charging requirements of lithium batteries .
Heating and atomization stage
The suction action triggers the air flow sensor, and the MCU activates the heating element and lights up the LED indicator (such as the tidal light effect to indicate the working status) .
The heating element quickly heats up the fume oil to the critical atomization temperature, and the liquid fume oil is absorbed by the cotton core/ceramic core and converted into gaseous vapor .
The security protection mechanism
real-time monitoring : PCBA board integrated over current, short circuit, low voltage, over temperature and other multiple protection circuit, abnormal state automatically cut off power supply and trigger alarm (such as LED flashing or motor vibration).
Health management : Some programs support recording user suction data (such as frequency and duration) and providing health suggestions through visual charts .
Technological Innovation and Industrial application
intelligent upgrade : Adopt 32-bit MCU chip and low power design, support dynamic UI interaction (such as power progress bar, personalized light effect), improve user experience .
high compatibility design : PCBA board can be adapted to the ceramic core/cotton core atomization scheme, and support automatic identification of smoke bomb resistance, reduce the development threshold of brands .
Through the above precision control and multiple protection mechanisms, the PCBA board of e-cigarette not only ensures the safety, but also achieves the balance of efficient atomization and intelligent interaction, and becomes the key driver for the performance upgrade of e-cigarette equipment
